Operating Pressure: 1.5 bar (g) Fluid density: 1100 kgm3 Ambient Temperature: 250c Fig: 1- 3D view of piping System 1 to be designed Fig. 2- Isometric view of piping system 1 to be designed FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS CRITERION Once the piping layout is fixed, the nearest possible routing of piping system is done.Dr. K. K.Dhande Mechanical Engineering Department DYPIET Pune, India Prof.N. I. Jamadar Mechanical Engineering Department DYPIET Pune, India Abstract Process Plant can be operated safely and efficiently with the help of good design of equipments and piping systems connecting to the various equipments like tanks, heat exchangers, pumps etc.Design of piping system includes the pipe and fitting sizing, thickness calculation, equipment layout, pipe routing, support type, support location finalization and stress analysis.
Caesar Ii Stress Analysis Software Code ASME BThis study explains the stress analysis of piping system as per process piping code ASME B 31.3 using 3D software tool CAESAR II. Major requirements in piping stress analysis are to provide adequate flexibility for absorbing thermal expansion, code compliance for stresses incurred in piping system, safe nozzle loads and displacement. The design is said to be safe if all these are in allowable range as per code. In this study, the criterion of selection of piping system for flexibility analysis is explained analytically. The two piping systems are stress analyzed, compared and the effect of flexibility of piping system on nozzle loads and stresses developed are observed. The software output is discussed and safer piping system is identified. Keywords Code compliance, Nozzle Loads, Piping Flexibility, Stress Analysis,, INTRODUCTION Piping system is the heart of any process plant. The performance of the plant depends on the pipe line sizing, Equipment layout, Pipe routing with minimum possible pressure drop, considering all mechanical and operational safety. Piping system comprises of pipes, fittings like elbows, tees, reducers, sockets, half couplings, unions, flanges and valves. These all are used to transfer the fluid from one point to another through straight pipes, changing the direction with most economical means- elbow 11, branching through tees, size variation through reducers or reducing tee at branches, connecting each other or to the instruments through flanges, union, sockets, half couplings and on-off conditions or fluid control through different types of valves. This study is emphasis on the process piping code ASME B 31.3. Both expansion and contraction is known as thermal expansion. When a system tries to expand in a rigid piping system, a large amount of stresses are generated leading to failure of system. Flexibility analysis plays a major role in designing the piping system. Stress analysis of piping system is performed to verify the compliance with the Design Code, to calculate pressure vessel nozzle loads, displacements due to thermal expansion, selection of support type and support location on piping system etc. ![]() PIPE LAYOUT AND ROUTING Flexibility of piping system is mainly dependent on the Equipment Layout. While finalizing the location of equipments, the connecting piping flexibility is also to be considered alongwith the process flow, accessibility to valves, instruments, equipment maintenance, cleaning, operational safety, headroom clearance and aesthetics. The piping layout designer has to undergo number of iterations to reach to a final layout. Pipe Routing is always decided based on the Equipment layout. The best possible pipe routing is achieved by knowing the process flow and the above criterion for layout. Operating Pressure: 1.5 bar (g) Fluid density: 1100 kgm3 Ambient Temperature: 250c Fig: 1- 3D view of piping System 1 to be designed Fig. Isometric view of piping system 1 to be designed FLEXIBILITY ANALYSIS CRITERION Once the piping layout is fixed, the nearest possible routing of piping system is done.
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